Child Specialist

 It is very common for children to ingest different foreign bodies. The most common is ingestion of small coins. The child or toddler while playing tends to put the coin in the mouth.  The coin can either go in the digestive tract or in the trachea or wind pipe. If it goes in the windpipe or trachea it can result in a medical emergency. It can obstruct the trachea and result in gagging. Severe respiratory obstruction and breathlessness can occur. The coin may get stuck in the trachea or go in the bronchi.  Immediate bronchoscopy needs to be done. And the coin removed. If the coin is in the upper segment or pharynx, thumping on the back can result in the child coughing out the coin. Dr. Mubina Agboatwalla - A Child Specialist in Karachi, another alternative is that the coin enters the oesophagus. It does not generally produce any symptoms and the coin enters initially the stomach, then the intestines and finally the rectum. The coin can be seen on the X- Ray and the progress followed

  Q2. What is neonatal physiological jaundice?? A.      In neonatal physiological jaundice, the bilirubin starts to rise after 3 days of birth.   According to Dr. Mubina Agboatwalla - A Child Specialist in Karachi , in the full-term baby the bilirubin remains below 12 mg%. This rise in bilirubin is due to the immaturity of the liver and subsides by itself in the next 10 days. It is helpful to expose the baby to the ultraviolet rays of the sun early morning and late evening.